Colorado State Program

The Complete CHFA Guide
for Colorado Home Buyers

Colorado's Housing and Finance Authority offers down payment assistance, below-market mortgage rates, and a federal tax credit worth up to $2,000 a year. Here's how to use them.

3%
Max DPA Grant (no repayment)
4%
Max Second Mortgage Option
$2,000
Annual MCC Tax Credit
+1%
Rebate at Closing w/ Home Offer Ninja
In this guide
Section 01

What Is CHFA?

The Colorado Housing and Finance Authority (CHFA) is a self-funded state agency that makes homeownership more affordable for Colorado buyers with low-to-moderate incomes. CHFA doesn't lend money directly - instead, it partners with approved lenders (banks, credit unions, and mortgage companies) who offer CHFA loan products with better terms than standard market loans.

CHFA programs include below-market interest rate mortgages, down payment assistance (either a grant you never repay or a low-interest second mortgage), and the Mortgage Credit Certificate - a dollar-for-dollar federal tax credit worth up to $2,000 every year you have your mortgage.

🏠
CHFA isn't just for first-time buyers

While many CHFA programs require that you haven't owned a home in the past 3 years, some programs - including HomeAccess - have no first-time buyer requirement at all. Veterans and buyers in targeted areas may also have relaxed eligibility.

Section 02

CHFA Loan Programs

CHFA offers several mortgage products designed for different buyer situations. All are 30-year fixed-rate loans with below-market interest rates and can be paired with CHFA down payment assistance.

📈 CHFA SmartStep

CHFA's most popular program. A 30-year fixed-rate mortgage at a below-market rate, paired with optional down payment assistance. Available with FHA, VA, USDA, or conventional (Fannie Mae) loan types.

Most PopularFHA CompatibleVA CompatibleConventional

🔨 CHFA FirstStep

Designed for lower-income buyers. Offers the deepest below-market interest rates CHFA has available. Paired with an FHA loan and CHFA's down payment assistance. Income limits are stricter than SmartStep.

Lowest RatesFHA OnlyStricter Income Limits

♿ CHFA HomeAccess

For buyers who have a permanent disability or have a dependent with a permanent disability. Offers CHFA's lowest rates with no first-time buyer requirement. Paired with FHA.

No First-Time Buyer ReqDisability Eligible

🎯 CHFA SectionEight Homeownership

For current Section 8 housing choice voucher holders. Converts your rental voucher into a mortgage payment subsidy so you can buy instead of rent. Income requirements vary by voucher.

Section 8 Voucher Required
Section 03

Down Payment Assistance (DPA)

CHFA offers two types of down payment assistance, both calculated as a percentage of your first mortgage loan amount. You choose which works better for your situation.

🎁
Option A - Grant
Up to 3%
Never repaid. Free money toward your down payment or closing costs.
💳
Option B - Second Mortgage
Up to 4%
Low-interest second mortgage. Slightly higher assistance amount but must be repaid.

Which option is better?

The grant (up to 3%) is free money - you never pay it back. But you'll get a slightly higher interest rate on your first mortgage in exchange. The second mortgage (up to 4%) gives you more assistance and a better first mortgage rate, but you'll have a second monthly payment. Most buyers with tight budgets prefer the grant because it eliminates one more payment obligation. Your CHFA-approved lender can run side-by-side payment comparisons for your specific numbers.

💡
DPA can cover your entire down payment

On a $450,000 home with an FHA loan (3.5% down = $15,750), a 3% CHFA grant covers $13,500 - leaving only $2,250 from your own pocket. Combine with the Home Offer Ninja 1% rebate applied to closing costs and you could close with very little out of pocket.

Section 04

Mortgage Credit Certificate (MCC) - Annual Tax Credit

The MCC is one of CHFA's most powerful and least-used benefits. It's a federal tax credit - not a deduction, but a dollar-for-dollar reduction in your federal tax bill - worth up to $2,000 every single year you have the mortgage. Over a 10-year period that's potentially $20,000 in total tax savings.

How does the MCC work?

CHFA issues you a certificate that allows you to claim 20% to 50% of the annual mortgage interest you pay as a federal tax credit. On a $400,000 loan at 7% interest, you'd pay roughly $28,000 in interest in year one. A 20% credit on that equals $5,600 - but the IRS caps it at $2,000 per year. So you get $2,000 back on your federal taxes annually.

💰
You can also use MCC to qualify for a larger loan

Lenders can factor the MCC tax credit into your income when calculating debt-to-income ratios. This can effectively increase how much home you qualify for. Ask your CHFA-approved lender to run the calculation with MCC included.

MCC + standard mortgage interest deduction

You can still take the mortgage interest deduction on your federal taxes (if you itemize), but you reduce the deductible amount by the portion you claimed as the MCC credit. Your tax professional can show you how both work together for your specific tax situation.

YearMortgage Interest PaidMCC Credit (20%)IRS Annual CapYou Get Back
Year 1~$28,000$5,600$2,000$2,000
Year 5~$26,500$5,300$2,000$2,000
Year 10~$24,000$4,800$2,000$2,000
10-Year Total---~$20,000

Example based on $400k loan at 7%. Actual amounts vary. Consult a tax professional.

Section 05

CHFA Eligibility Requirements

💰
Credit Score
620+
Minimum for most CHFA programs
🏠
First-Time Buyer
Usually
No home ownership in past 3 years (exceptions apply)
📊
Income Limits
Vary
By county and household size
🏡
Purchase Price Limit
Varies
By county - higher limits in expensive areas

Income limits by area (2025 examples)

Area1-2 Person Household3+ Person Household
Denver Metro (most counties)~$120,000~$138,000
Boulder County~$130,000~$149,500
Colorado Springs (El Paso)~$105,000~$120,750
Fort Collins (Larimer)~$118,000~$135,700
Pueblo County~$90,000~$103,500

Limits are updated annually. Visit chfainfo.com for current figures by county.

⚠️
Income limits include all household income

CHFA counts the income of all adults who will live in the home - not just the borrowers on the loan. If you have a partner or roommate who isn't on the mortgage but will live there, their income counts toward the household total.

Section 06

How to Apply for CHFA

You can't go directly to CHFA - you apply through a CHFA-approved lender. Here's the process:

  1. Find a CHFA-approved lender

    Search the lender directory at chfainfo.com. Not all banks are CHFA-approved. Call at least 2-3 to compare rates and experience with CHFA products.

  2. Complete CHFA homebuyer education

    CHFA requires all borrowers to complete an approved homebuyer education course (typically 6-8 hours, available online). You'll receive a certificate you'll need at closing. Cost is usually $75-$125.

  3. Get pre-approved

    The lender checks your income, credit, and assets against CHFA program requirements. They'll tell you which CHFA program you qualify for and the maximum loan amount.

  4. Choose DPA option (grant vs. second mortgage)

    Your lender walks you through the trade-offs and runs payment comparisons so you can make an informed decision.

  5. Apply for the MCC (if desired)

    The MCC must be requested at the time of your loan application - you can't add it after closing. Ask your lender upfront about the MCC if you want it.

  6. Find your home and close

    Your agent works with your CHFA lender. At closing, your DPA grant or second mortgage funds are applied alongside your first mortgage. Your 1% Home Offer Ninja rebate is also applied here.

Section 07

Stacking CHFA with Your 1% Home Offer Ninja Rebate

Here's an example of how CHFA and the Home Offer Ninja rebate can work together on a $450,000 home purchase:

Cost / BenefitAmount
Purchase price$450,000
FHA down payment (3.5%)$15,750
CHFA DPA grant (3% of loan)-$13,500 (covers most of down payment)
Estimated closing costs (3%)$13,500
Home Offer Ninja 1% rebate-$4,500 (applied to closing costs)
Approx. out-of-pocket~$11,250
Annual MCC tax credit (ongoing)Up to $2,000/year
🥷
Every dollar counts - and these programs stack

CHFA and the Home Offer Ninja rebate come from completely different sources - CHFA from state assistance, the rebate from your agent's commission. There's no conflict between them. Your lender and agent coordinate to make sure both are reflected in your closing documents.

FAQ

Common Questions

Does CHFA DPA need to be repaid? +
The grant option (up to 3%) does not need to be repaid - ever. The second mortgage option (up to 4%) is a real loan with a low interest rate that you repay alongside your first mortgage. Choose the grant if you want to avoid the extra obligation; choose the second mortgage if you want the highest assistance amount and a lower rate on the first mortgage.
Can I use CHFA with a VA loan? +
Yes. CHFA's SmartStep program is compatible with VA loans. Since VA loans already offer 0% down payment, the CHFA DPA would typically be used to cover closing costs instead. Veterans can stack VA benefits, CHFA assistance, and the Home Offer Ninja rebate for maximum savings.
What happens if I sell my CHFA home early? +
If you received the CHFA grant and sell within 9 years, you may need to repay a portion of the grant (recapture tax). The amount decreases the longer you stay in the home and is based on your gain from the sale. CHFA has a recapture tax calculator on their website. Most sellers in Colorado's appreciating market still come out well ahead after any recapture.
Do I have to use a CHFA lender? +
Yes. CHFA programs are only available through CHFA-approved lenders. You can find the current list at chfainfo.com/homebuyers. Your real estate agent (Home Offer Ninja) can also recommend experienced CHFA lenders they've worked with.

Use CHFA + Get 1% Back at Closing

Home Offer Ninja agents work with CHFA buyers every day. Book a free call and we'll connect you with the right CHFA lender and guide you through every step.

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